Hiyoshi Taisha

Hiyoshi Taisha, located at the foot of Mount Hiei in Otsu, Shiga Prefecture, is the head shrine of approximately 3,800 Hie and Sanno shrines throughout Japan. Its founding predates recorded history, but the shrine has been closely associated with the mountain since at least the 8th century. When the monk Saicho established the great Enryakuji Temple complex on Mount Hiei in 788 AD, Hiyoshi Taisha became its guardian shrine.

During the tumultuous Sengoku period, Oda Nobunaga burned both Enryakuji and Hiyoshi Taisha in 1571 as part of his campaign against the powerful warrior monks. The shrine was rebuilt by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who had a special connection to the shrine—his childhood nickname 'Saru' (monkey) linked him to the shrine's sacred messenger animal.

The shrine's Nishi Honden and Higashi Honden (West and East Main Halls) are both designated National Treasures, showcasing the unique 'Hie-zukuri' architectural style found nowhere else in Japan. The shrine is also famous for its distinctive stone monkey carvings, as monkeys are considered the sacred messengers of the Sanno deity.

The expansive grounds, covering over 400,000 square meters, are considered one of the finest autumn foliage spots in the Kansai region. The approach features beautiful stone bridges and streams, and the ancient forests create a deeply mystical atmosphere throughout the seasons.

The Sanno Matsuri, held from April 12-15, is one of the greatest festivals in the Shiga region and has a history spanning over 1,300 years. The festival features the dramatic carrying of mikoshi (portable shrines) through the mountains and across Lake Biwa, culminating in a boisterous nighttime procession. The festival is registered as an Important Intangible Folk Cultural Property of Japan.